Unit: Gilberts (Gb) = the mmf that will establish a flux of 1 Mx in a magnetic circuit having a reluctance (rel) of 1 unit.

This law indicates that paramagnetic materials tend to become increasingly magnetic as the applied magnetic field is increased, but less magnetic as temperature is increased.

Bar Magnets Are Dipoles! Bar magnets are: 1) source for dipole field 2) rotate to orient with external magnetic field Is there a magnetic monopole “charge” like electric “charge”? NO! Magnetic …

To describe the interaction of magnets and magnetized materials, it is con-venient to introduce the concept of the magnetic field, analogous to the electric field.

In diamagnetic materials, the atoms or molecules that constitute them have no permanent magnetic moment; the moment is induced upon application of a magnetic field.

Gauss’s law for electric field: for an closed surface, the electric flux passing through the surface only depends on the total enclosed charges in it. Gauss’s law for magnetic field: for an closed surface, …

Explain how magnetic flux lines emanate from permanent magnets and produce force Define flux density, magnetomotive force, magnetic field intensity, permeability, and reluctance using …